Grammar Invasion_Relative pronouns and relative sentences

There are two kinds of relative clause:

Let's watch this video about them!!

1.  Defining relative clauses:

We use relative clauses to make clear which person or thing we are talking about:

Marie Curie is the woman who discovered radium.
This is the house which Jack built.

In this kind of relative clause, we can use that instead of who or which:

Marie Curie is the woman that discovered radium.
This is the house that Jack built.

We can leave out the pronoun if it is the object of the relative clause:

This is the house that Jack built. (that is the object of built)

Be careful!
The relative pronoun is the subject/object of the relative clause, so we do not repeat the subject/object: Marie Curie is the woman who she discovered radium. (who is the subject of discovered, so we don't need she) This is the house that Jack built it. (that is the object of built, so we don't need it)

2.  Non-Defining Relative clauses:

We also use relative clauses to give more information about a person, thing or situation:

Lord Thompson, who is 76, has just retired.
We had fish and chips, which I always enjoy.
I met Rebecca in town yesterday, which was a nice surprise.

With this kind of relative clause, we use commas (,) to separate it from the rest of the sentence.

Be careful!
In this kind of relative clause, we cannot use that: Lord Thompson, who is 76, has just retired. (NOT Lord Thompson, that is 76, has just retired.) and we cannot leave out the pronoun: We had fish and chips, which I always enjoy. (NOT We had fish and chips, I always enjoy.)

A relative pronoun is used to connect a clause or phrase to a noun or pronoun. 

The most common relative pronouns are who, whom, whose, which, and that. Sometimes when and where can be used as relative pronouns as well.

 

Over and out.

Culture Invasion_Books!!

CLASSI PRIME

Aladdin_Ruth Hobart

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PRbhqqW591fMnuDwWazZ8Sp1xzXIs0mR/view?usp=sharing

Audiolibro_
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HeTM9dWvoFFw015DF3-CvDPjE2NEQyn1/view?usp=sharing

Sleeping Beauty_Charles Perrault 

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-bdhmeujF425HxXqJ8OY-Pmv7F5Mq4N8/view?usp=sharing

Audiolibro_
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZDd84rpIvvcaNnDFbyvxEqxowSviPZ0s/view?usp=sharing

CLASSI SECONDE

Journey to the Centre of the Earth_Jules Verne

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bXqejW5YZe51aSmsg1lcS05BA_LVt6-H/view?usp=sharing

Audiolibro ZIP_ https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hjA0VsOsxM67C4W5E1OhW_jXnzYAYPTp/view?usp=sharing

CLASSI TERZE

The Canterbury Tales_ Geoffrey Chaucer

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lFDMLyspEsr2ED3QijkQIt-wZXhXIDqJ/view?usp=sharing

Audiolibro ZIP_
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1zK4J1Bw5YpqoZ8uWgi1KFghnYdpW6FmC/view?usp=sharing

A case of identity_Arthur Conan Doyle

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1YxHpFCbCKyNv7IMdDV2VHN7LIfizQHH7/view?usp=sharing

Audiolibro ZIP_
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QPmO2OBPCWx7Bhx7K06pUrr_XI1nmuR0/view?usp=sharing

CLASSI SECONDE_Esercitazione Unit 8 + CLASSI PRIME_The royal family

CLASSI SECONDE
Esercitazione Unit 8

Es. p. 201 n.4 Dialogo tra Rosie e Tom

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1aGXxSOc4wEZ5YZYrb-PgPEaUG7lXLBJ5/view?usp=sharing

Es. p. 203 n. 3 Email 

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1fW9fJ0VIDBZneKo8dKkIqQ0Sz2ulxfl4/view?usp=sharing


The Royal Family

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Gtc7a_vRMJkK63NOP4L0RQXAoIn_TngO/view?usp=sharing

Vocabulary Invasion_Comparative and Superlatives adjectives

COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES:
One way of describing a person or thing is by saying that they have more of a particular quality than someone or something else. To do this, we use comparative adjectives, which are formed either by adding -er at the end of the adjective, or placing more before it,

Examples:

She’s more curious than her sister.
This is a bigger piece of cake.

SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES:
It is also possible to describe someone or something by saying that they have more of a particular quality than any other of their kind. We do this by using superlative adjectives, which are formed by adding -est at the end of the adjective and placing the before it, or placing the most before the adjective
Examples:

He’s the most intelligent man I’ve ever met.
This is the biggest piece of cake.

Check the video link: 

Comparative and superlatives adjectives (Video link)

RULES ABOUT HOW TO FORM COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES:

1. One syllable adjectives 

You make the comparative and superlative of one-syllable adjectives ending in -e adding -r and -st. 

Adjective: nice 

Comparative: nicer 

Superlative: the nicest 

You make the comparative and superlative of other one-syllable adjectives by adding -er and -est. 

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
fast	faster	the fastest

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
short	shorter	the shortest

You need to double the last letter of adjectives that end in one vowel + one consonant, then add -er and -est. 

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
hot	hotter	the hottest

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
thin	thinner	the thinnest

2. Two syllable adjectives  

You make the comparative and superlative of two syllable adjectives ending in -y by changing y to -i and adding -er and --est. 

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
pretty	prettier	the prettiest

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
busy	busier	the busiest

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
tasty	tastier	the tastiest

Some adjectives can make the comparative and superlative adding -er , -est or adding more, the most before the adjective. 

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
narrow	narrower; more narrow	the narrowest; the most narrow

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
clever	cleverer; more clever	the cleverest; the most clever

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
common	commoner; more common	the commonest; the most common

Adjectives ending in -ful, -less, -ing, -ed and many other adjectives make the comparative and superlative adding more and the most before the adjective.

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
careful	more careful	the most careful

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
hopeless	more hopeless	the most hopeless

3. Three syllable adjectives and more.

Adjectives with more than two syllables make the comparative and superlative adding more and the most before the adjective. 

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
interesting	more interesting	the most interesting

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
intelligent	more intelligent	the most intelligent

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
dangerous	more dangerous	the most dangerous

IRREGULAR

Some adjectives have an irregular comparative and superlative form 

SENTENCES WITH COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES.

We use than after a comparative adjective and the before a superlative adjective. 

Examples: 

Comparative: You are taller than me. 

Superlative:John is the shortest in the class 

We put the comparative and superlative adjective before the noun. 

The elephant is the biggest land animal. 

We use in or of after a superlative. 

We use in with places and with groups of people: the world, the team, the class.

It’s the most expensive hotel in Oxford. 

Susan is the best student in the class. 

There are Three types of comparative sentences and here below you can find few examples:

EXTRA HOMEWORK! Check them out!!

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1JvqhGM352CwbMKkuCuqevFEajWxAmbvE/view?usp=sharing

https://drive.google.com/file/d/14VCftLU4WtbPryu3OYL-5srZya-uwKd7/view?usp=sharing

Over and out.